Method of making shovels



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. A. BARNES.

I METHOD OF MAKING SHOVELS. No. 284,710." Patented Sept. 11, 1883.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet '2.

E. A BARNES.

METHOD OF MAKING SHOVELS.

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(No Mbdel.) 3Sheets-Sheet 3.

E. A. BARNES.

METHOD 01- MAKING SHOVELS.

No. 284,710. Patented'Sept..11, 1883.

N4 Finns, Pnolo-Lilhognw. Washi n nnnnn c4 NITLED STATES PATENT OFFICE. f

ELMORE A. BARNES, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF MAKING SHOVELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No". 284,710, dated September 11, 1883.

Application filed May 15. 1882. (No model.)

To 11 whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELMORE A. BARNES, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an-Improved Method or Process of Forming Shovels; and I do declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

My improved method or process relates to the formation of a shovel comprising the blade and straps from a single piece of steel, first cast into a blank of proper size and form, such as to produce a shape approximately like the form required when the blade and strap are reduced under the rolls to the required thickness; In applying my process I have employed a blank cast with an open interior space to sepa rate the two sides where the straps and handlesocket are to be formed, so that when the rolling is completed and the edges of the blank are trinnned to proper shape the straps and socket require merely to be separated and opened into proper form to complete those parts of the shovel. I first'roll the blank successively between plain rolls until it is reduced to a uniform thickness of about three-sixteenths of an inch, this part of the process having nothing distinctive, except that in relation to the subsequent part of the processthis uniformity of thickness is a proper preparation therefor, it being as great as or a-little greater than the greatest ultimate thickness of any part. The blank thus reduced is then placed between a pair of revolving rolls, being inserted from the discharge or opening side instead of the feed or closing side of the rolls. This mode of inserting the blanks is to enable me to subject only the blades to the action of the rolls in this step of the process. The blank is inserted with the strap end directed toward the discharge side of the rolls, and in such a position that the rolls will begin to act thereon at the upper end of the blade and finish at the lower end thereof. The'rolls, or rather one of the rolls, will have a depression at the proper place and of the proper form and depth to make the shovel of double thickness, or thereabout, at the socket part, so that when the socket is opened there will be as great athickness of material on eachside of the socket as thegeneral thickness of the blade, or as great as may be required to give full strength to that part of the shovel. This feature of the process is a most important part of my invention, which has for its main purpose the proper formation and strength of this part of the shovel and to effect it by means very easy and rapid and by mechanism very simple. This mode of insert in g or feeding the blank between the shapingrolls requires some peculiarity in the construction of the rolls themselves or of one of the rolls, for one of the rolls may be, and I prefer to make it, a simple plain roll. I have represented in the accompanying drawings a suitable construction of rolls to effect this part of my process. I shall not here, however, enter into a full description of the construction and operation of these rolls, the peculiarities of which I have made the subject-matter of an other application for Letters Patent filed si1nultaneously with the present application. A

Figure 1 represents a top view of the set of rolls with their mountings and adjuncts; Fig. 2, an'end view thereof; Fig. 3, a transverse vertical section in a plane indicated by the line :0 m, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4:, a cross-section of the rolls only, showing a position of the rolls different from that shown in Fig. 3.

The rolls revolve uniformly at the required speed in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figs. 3 and 4. The lower roll, A, is a plain roll. The upper roll, B, has the depression a to produce the increased thickness of metal over the socket part of the blade, and a cut=- away notch or opening, I), in one side, just pre= ceding the depression a, to enable the shovelblank to be fed in between the rolls in advance of the shaping part of the same. In Fig. 3Ihave shown the rolls about in the proper position in which to insert a blank from the discharge side, the strap portion 10 of the blank projecting on that side of the roll, as the workman holds the blank by the strap end with his tongs when he inserts it between the rolls. In Fig. 4 I have shown the rolls a little farther advanced and in the act of shaping the blank. A little practice and experience enables the attendant to insert the blanks at the proper time, while the rolls continually revolve. After the blade of the shovel has thus been reduced to the desired thickness in all parts in the manner above described, I reduce the thickness of the strap end of the blank between a pair of rolls shaped to produce the required result, ahd

constructed to operate in the same way as those above described for reducing the blade of the shovel. The strap part only nowis passed between these rolls, being fed between the rolls from the discharge side thereof, with the blade end projecting to that side, and the blank is inserted so as to have the rolls begin to shape the strap part near the lower vend and finish at the upper end thereof. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is'- v The improved process of forming steel shovel-blanks, which consists in first casting an ingot of approximate shovel form and of requisite thickness with a socket parting or cavity there! in, then rolling the said casting to a uniform thickness, double the required-thickness, or thereabout, and then completing the blank by insertion between revolving rolls from the discharge side thereof to reduce the same, the said rolls having recesses for forming the thicker or re-enforced portions over the sockets of the blades, all in the manner substantially as herein specified.

v ELMORE A. BARNES.

Witnesses:

J. S. BROWN, E. J. BROWN. 

